The Motherboard is the central PCB (Printer Circuit Board) which homes and connects all of the computer’s hardware together. They come in many different types such as:
· ATX – The currently used type
o Designed for easy access
o Improved cooling due to layout
o Consolidating I/O Panel (Input/Output)
o Controls the power supply direct.
· Baby AT/ LPX – Used in legacy IBM machines and no longer available.
There are many components which build a motherboard, and all of which are necessary in modern computers. They are:
o Chipsets
§ North Bridge
§ South Bridge
§ BIOS Chip
o CPU slot
§ CPU (Processor)
§ Heat sink
o Voltage Regulator Module
§ This provides the microprocessors with the correct supply voltage
o Memory slots
§ RAM (Random Access Memory)
· DRAM (Dynamic)
· SRAM (Static)
§ ROM – (Read Only Memory)
o Expansion bus slots
§ AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port)
§ PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect)
o Battery
§ CMOS Battery
o Slots for storage devices
§ SATA (Serial AT Attachment)
§ IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
o Connectors
§ 12v Power connector
§ CPU fan connector
§ ATX Power connector
§ Chassis Fan
§ Internal Audio
o Headers
§ System Panel
§ Game Port
§ Chassis Speaker
§ USB 2.0
§ COM Port
§ Front Panel Audio
§ Shared USB 2.0
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| A Basic Motherboard |
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